- The 2006 high school graduating classes in your state would be an example of a
a. cross-section.
b. cohort.
c. clique.
d. cross-sequential.
- Cross-sectional studies
a. provide information about the stability of individuals’ behavior over time.
b. provide information about different age groups.
c. retest groups at regular intervals.
d. do all of these.
- Systematic differences between age groups that are due to cultural changes over time are called __ effects.
a. sleeper
b. washout
c. cohort
d. socialization
- Since more recent generations have been exposed to more complicated visual environments through experiences with computer screens, comparing the visual analysis skills of older people against computer-game-addicted younger adults would really be a function of cultural experiences rather than aging. Developmental researchers refer to these influences as _ effects.
a. sleeper
b. washout
c. cohort
d. socialization
- A _ study observes or tests the same individuals over a period of time.
a. cross-sequential
b. bi-directional
c. cross-sectional
d. longitudinal
- Dr. Sanchez follows a group of individuals from the time they enter a daycare until high school graduation, testing and interviewing each member of the group twice a year. Dr. Sanchez is conducted a _ study.
a. cross-sequential
b. longitudinal
c. cross-sectional
d. bi-directional
- A _ study provides information about patterns of stability and change in development and allows us to look at how early events relate to later outcomes.
a. cross-correlational
b. bi-directional
c. cross-sectional
d. longitudinal
- Which of the following is FALSE regarding longitudinal studies?
a. Longitudinal studies provide information about the stability of individuals’ behavior over time.
b. Longitudinal studies provide information about different age groups, tested at one point in time.
c. In longitudinal studies, changes that appear to be developmental may actually be due to historical events.
d. Longitudinal studies allow us to look at how early events relate to later outcomes.
- Which of the following would NOT be a limitation of a longitudinal study?
a. cohort effects
b. practice effects due to repeated exposure to testing procedures
c. difficulty in keeping up with the participants over the years
d. changes that appear to be developmental may actually be due to historical effects
- In a _ study, several age groups are identified at one point in time and then retested at regular intervals.
a. cross-sequential
b. bi-directional
c. cross-sectional
d. longitudinal